Ch. 2 NUTRITION IN ANIMALS

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Ch2. Nutrition in Animals


# Human Digestive System
FIG-1. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM IN HUMANS

Mind Map:


Concept Map:




KEYWORDS:

  1. Absorption
  2. Amino acid
  3. Amoeba
  4. Assimilation
  5. Bile
  6. Buccal cavity
  7. Canine
  8. Cellulose
  9. Digestion
  10. Egestion
  11. Fatty acid
  12. Food Vacuole
  13. Gall bladder
  14. Glycerol
  15. Incisor
  16. Ingestion
  17. Liver
  18. Milk Teeth
  19. Molar
  20. Permanent teeth
  21. Oesophagus
  22. Pancreas
  23. Premolar
  24. Pseudopodia
  25. Rumen
  26. Ruminant
  27. Rumination
  28. Salivary gland
  29. Villi
  30. Saliva
Notes:

# Ingestion:-
Food is taken into the body through the mouth, the process of taking food into the body is called ingestion.

#Digestion:-
The breakdown of complex food substances into simpler food substances is called digestion.

#Absorption:-
The digested food can be passed into the blood vessels through the walls of the intestine, this process of taking up of nutrients into the blood stream is called absorption.

#Assimilation:
The Absorbed substances are transported from the blood vessels to different body parts, where the nutrients are used to synthesize complex substances like proteins which are required by the body. This process is known as assimilation.

#Egestion:
The fecal matter is removed from the anus from time-to-time after the process of digestion, absorption and assimilation of food material. this process is called egestion.





1      #   Different types of teeth and explain their function.
Sr. No.
Name
Quantity
Function
1.
Incision
8
They tear and crush food
2.
Canine
4
They are used for tearing and grasping of food
3.
Pre molar
8
They are used for crushing and tearing food
4.
Molar
12
They are used for grinding and chewing food
  
       Q.1   What is the function of tongue?
The tongue is vital for chewing, tasting and swallowing as well as for speech.
 Q.2  How does saliva helps in digestion?
In digestion function of saliva include moistening food and helping to create a food bolus so it can be swallowed easily. Saliva breakdowns starch into maltose.

      Q.3  Difference between milk and permanent teeth
Milk teeth
Permanent teeth
        a)
They are 20 in number
They are 32 in number
        b)
They do not contain molars
They contain 6 molars each jaw
         c)
They grow in 6 months to 8 years
They are formed in adult human beings
        d)
They shed off and are replaced by permanent teeth
Once shed they cannot be replaced naturally

     Q.4    Explain the digestive system of human beings.
The function of digestive system is digestion and absorption. Digestion is the breakdown of food into small molecules which are then absorbed into the body. The digestive system is divided into two major parts:-
                                                        i.            The digestive track ( alimentary canal) is a continuous tube with two openings:
The mouth and the anus
It includes mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine
                                                      ii.            Accessory organs include the teeth and tongue, salivay gland, liver, gall bladder and pancreas.

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